Belgium
Kingdom of Belgium · Western Europe
About Belgium
Belgium (officially Kingdom of Belgium) is a country in Western Europe, with Brussels as its capital. It is home to roughly 11.94 million people, giving a population density of about 391 people per square kilometre. The country covers 30,528 km² of land and shares land borders with 4 neighbouring countries. Its economy is valued at approximately $725.47B in nominal GDP (2025), and it records a Human Development Index of 0.951. The official currency is the Euro (EUR), and the main languages are German, French, Dutch.
How Belgium is governed
Ceremonial head of state; symbol of national unity.
Holds executive power; leads the federal government.
Bicameral — Chamber of Representatives — 150 seats; Senate — indirectly composed
Who holds the power?
Belgium is a federal constitutional monarchy divided along linguistic lines into Flemish, French and German-speaking communities and regions. The King is a unifying ceremonial figure, while the Prime Minister leads a federal government that must balance the country's language communities — a complexity that has produced some of the longest government-formation periods in the democratic world.
Key indicators
Latest available data · World Bank & UNDP.
💹 Economy
👥 People
🌍 Quality of Life
Travel & practical
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Fun facts about Belgium
- Belgium is the 81st most populous country in the world, with about 11.94 million people.
- By land area it is the 136th-largest country in the world, covering 30,528 km².
- It has the world's 22nd-largest economy by nominal GDP ($725.47B).
- Belgium shares land borders with 4 countries.
- It is classed by the UN as a country of very high human development, with an HDI of 0.951.
- Belgium has a population density of about 391 people per square kilometre.
Belgium vs Netherlands
France
Germany
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Switzerland
Liechtenstein
Monaco
Russia
United Kingdom
Italy
Spain
Ukraine