Belgium
🇧🇪 Western Europe · Kingdom of Belgium
How Belgium ranks globally
About Belgium
Belgium (officially Kingdom of Belgium) is a country in Western Europe, with Brussels as its capital. It is home to roughly 11.94 million people, giving a population density of about 391 people per square kilometre. The country covers 30,528 km² of land and shares land borders with 4 neighbouring countries. Its economy is valued at approximately $725.47B in nominal GDP (2025), and it records a Human Development Index of 0.951. The official currency is the Euro (EUR), and the main languages are German, French, Dutch.
Key indicators
💹 Economy
👥 People
🌍 Quality of Life
GDP over time
How Belgium measures up
How Belgium is governed
Ceremonial head of state; symbol of national unity.
Holds executive power; leads the federal government.
Bicameral — Chamber of Representatives — 150 seats; Senate — indirectly composed
Who holds the power?
Belgium is a federal constitutional monarchy divided along linguistic lines into Flemish, French and German-speaking communities and regions. The King is a unifying ceremonial figure, while the Prime Minister leads a federal government that must balance the country's language communities — a complexity that has produced some of the longest government-formation periods in the democratic world.
Did you know?
Belgium is the 81st most populous country in the world, with about 11.94 million people.
By land area it is the 136th-largest country in the world, covering 30,528 km².
It has the world's 22nd-largest economy by nominal GDP ($725.47B).
Belgium shares land borders with 4 countries.
It is classed by the UN as a country of very high human development, with an HDI of 0.951.
Belgium has a population density of about 391 people per square kilometre.
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