Country profile

Brazil

Federative Republic of Brazil · South America

👥 Population

212,812,405

World Bank · 2025

🏛 Capital

Brasília

🗺 Area

8,515,767 km²

among the world’s largest

💹 GDP (nominal)

$2.28T

World Bank · 2025

📈 HDI

0.786

UNDP · 2023

📍 Pop. density

25 /km²

💱 Currency

BRL

Brazilian real

🗣 Languages

Portuguese

About Brazil

Brazil (officially Federative Republic of Brazil) is a country in South America, with Brasília as its capital. It is home to roughly 212.81 million people, giving a population density of about 25 people per square kilometre. The country covers 8,515,767 km² of land and shares land borders with 10 neighbouring countries. Its economy is valued at approximately $2.28T in nominal GDP (2025), and it records a Human Development Index of 0.786. The official currency is the Brazilian real (BRL), and the main language is Portuguese.

How Brazil is governed

🏛 Federal presidential republic

Head of State

President

Head of state and government; holds executive power.

Head of Government

President

Leads the executive; commander of the armed forces.

Legislature

National Congress

Bicameral — Chamber of Deputies — 513 seats; Federal Senate — 81 seats

Who holds the power?

Brazil is a federal presidential republic modelled partly on the United States. The President is both head of state and head of government, directly elected and serving as commander of the armed forces. Power is divided among the executive, a bicameral National Congress and an independent judiciary led by the Supreme Federal Court. Brazil's many political parties mean presidents must build broad coalitions in Congress to govern.

Development profile (each axis 0–100%, higher is stronger)

Key indicators

Latest available data · World Bank & UNDP.

💹 Economy

GDP (PPP)

$4.74T

GDP/capita (PPP)

$22,338

GDP growth

2.3%

Inflation

5.0%

Unemployment

6.0%

👥 People

Life expectancy

76.0 yrs

Fertility rate

1.61

Pop. growth

0.4%

Urban population

88.2%

Infant mortality /1k

12.3

🌍 Quality of Life

Internet users

84.5%

Literacy rate

94.7%

Physicians /1k

2.36

Renewable energy

46.5%

Brazil's GDP over time (nominal, US$)

Travel & practical

Capital

Brasília

Currency

BRL

Dialing code

+55

Internet TLD

.br

🌐 Get a Brazil eSIM 🏨 Where to stay in Brazil

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Fun facts about Brazil

Brazil is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas.
It contains roughly 60% of the Amazon rainforest.
Brazil borders every South American country except Chile and Ecuador.
Brazil is the 7th most populous country in the world, with about 212.81 million people.
By land area it is the 5th-largest country in the world, covering 8,515,767 km².
It has the world's 11th-largest economy by nominal GDP ($2.28T).
Brazil shares land borders with 10 countries.